1991年，在城市建设热潮席卷全球的氛围中，法国AS建筑工作室遇到了一个极为重大的竞赛项目——欧洲议会大厦。九十年代的建筑风格多样交织，工作室希望打破当时千篇一律的 “直线建筑” ，面对近22万平方米的项目，建筑师们从场地与文脉背景出发，思考使用者与建筑及地区特征的联结。

In 1991, the urban construction boom sweeping the world, architecturestudio encountered a significant competition project — the European Parliament building. Back in the 90s, the architectural styles were diverse, our architects tried to break the stereotypical “linear architecture” and started from the site and context： How should they consider the connection between the user and the building and the regional character for a nearly 220,000 square meters project?

▼室外鸟瞰，exterior aerial view © Roger Rothan

项目位于法国阿尔萨斯地区的斯特拉斯堡，它是法国最大的边境城市，紧邻德国小镇凯尔。历史上由于其核心的交通地位经历过数次的主权更替，二战后这里自然而然地作为和解的象征来承接这座新兴的欧洲机构。欧洲议会大厦作为世界上最大的议会建筑，总投资4.7亿欧元，施工耗时四年半。当时项目被命名为路易丝·魏斯大楼，用来纪念这位著名的法国作家和女权主义者，同时也是首届欧洲议会的议员。

The project is in Strasbourg in the Alsace region of France, the largest border city in France and is close to the German town of Kehl. After World War II, Strasbourg naturally became a symbolic city with its history and culture that several changes of sovereignty and significant traffic fortified town. A symbol of reconciliation for a new European institution. As the world’s largest Parliament, the European Parliament building took four and a half years with a total investment of 470 million euros. The building was also named Louise Weiss Building, in honor of this famous French writer and feminist, who was also a member of the first European Parliament.

▼总平面图，site plan © architecturestudio

联结文化
Connecting Culture

欧洲议会是一个跨国民主权力机构，想在一个项目中兼容各个国家的建筑风格显然是不现实的。所以在设计过程中，工作室通过对欧洲的历史和文脉符号进行深入研究，终于找到两个关键的符号：代表古典主义的圆形和代表巴洛克风格的椭圆形。两者展现了从伽利略到开普勒，从单中心结构到多中心结构，从中央集权到世界多极化的过渡。

The European Parliament is a transnational democratic authority, it is unrealistic if we try to combine the architectural styles of different countries in a single project. After the research of European history and site context, the studio finally used two keys: the circle representing classicism and the oval from the Baroque style. The two shapes show the transition from Galileo to Kepler, from monocentric to multicentric, and from centralization to a multipolar world.

▼过程图纸，process plan © architecturestudio

这两个符号在空间中构建出巧妙的联系。场地的最中心是由塔楼定义的圆形，塔楼上的各国代表团办公室包围着椭圆形的入口中庭。塔楼高约60m，顶部看似未完成的设计代表欧盟开放的态度，与远处市中心的历史遗产——斯特拉斯堡大教堂遥相呼应，形成时空的对话。中庭在城市与大厦之间打开一个过渡空间同时椭圆的主轴一直延伸至跨河的人行天桥，连接对岸的温斯顿·丘吉尔大楼。

The two symbols shaped an artful connection in space. The round tower contains the offices of delegations at the center, and encircles an oval shape entrance atrium. The tower is about 60 meters high, and the seemingly unfinished design at the top represents the open-minded European Union. It echoes the historical heritage of the city center — Strasbourg Cathedral, forming a dialogue over time and space. The atrium is more like a transition between the city and the building, and the axis of the ellipse extends to the pedestrian bridge across the river, connecting the Winston Churchill Building on the opposite river bank.

▼圆形广场，agora © Gaston Bergeret

▼仰视圆形广场，upward view of the agora © Gaston Bergeret

塔楼东侧的巨型铝制屋面下，分布着大小不同形状不一的会场和议事厅，无论走到到哪里都能看到的蛋壳状巨大木球，便是750座的议会大厅。其优雅的线条给人一种圆形而非椭圆形的错觉，以规则又不规则的奇特形状引导从形式到材料的过渡，并充分展示着古典主义的内核与巴洛克精神的自由。

Under the huge aluminum roof of the building, there are different-sized conference halls in different level. No matter where you go, you can see the huge wooden ball, which is the 750-seat Parliament Hall. Its elegant edge lines give the illusion of a circle rather than an ellipse, The both regular and irregular shape showed the transition from form to material, and fully displayed the core of classicism and the freedom of Baroque spirit.

▼议会大厅的蛋壳状巨大木球表皮，the huge wooden ball accomodate the Parliament Hall © Gaston Bergeret

▼室内概览，interior overview © Georges Fessy

同样的几何张力也体现在场地设计，总平面由两条背对背的弧线构成。其中一条是扁平的，朝向外部道路，内部被草坪和停车场填满；另一条是三维的，延伸至河岸并在交汇方向升起，形成饱满的外凸立面形象。塔楼、圆顶和弧线在体量上都是城市规模的，三者交织在一起构成了这座极具辨识度的建筑。

The same geometric principle is reflected in the site design, where the master plan is formed by two back-to-back arcs. One is flat, facing the outside road, and filled with lawns and parking lots inside; another one is three-dimensional, align to the river bank and rising up, creating a fluent curved facade. The tower, dome, and arc formed a highly recognizable building with urban-scale in volume.

▼俯瞰建筑，top view of the building © Roger Rothan

建立地标
Creating Landmark

欧洲议会大厦承担了议会的所有日常活动，功能上除了议会大厅，还包含18间50至350座的会议室，1133间供议员和相关团体使用的办公室，以及配套的研究中心和餐饮服务中心。

The European Parliament Building carries out all the daily activities of the Parliament. Except the Parliament Hall, it also contains 18 meeting rooms with 50 to 350 seats, 1,133 offices for Members of Parliament and related groups, as well as a supporting research center and catering service center.

▼议会大厅概览，Hemicycle overall © Gaston Bergeret

▼坐席细部，detail of chairs © Georges Fessy

它们分别有精确的功能定位和独立的流线路径，并在这个完全流动的系统中不断交织。内部通廊主要有三条，其中最主要的一条围绕“冬季花园”的主题布置了丰富的绿植，与幕墙外河岸的景色一起让使用者感受到自然的气息。

They have precise functions and independent streamlined paths, interacted but separated in the flowing system Besides, three main corridors in the building, the center one is a “winter greenhouse garden” with various plants while spreading a sense of nature as well as the river scenery outside.

▼室内中庭，interior atrium © Gaston Bergeret

▼室内中庭丰富的绿植，various plants in interior atrium © Georges Fessy

▼公共交流区，public space © Roger Rothan

沿着河流交汇处的完美曲线，大型玻璃幕墙倒映在水中，对外揭示着大厦的内部结构，这种透明性既传达了一种建筑美学，也隐喻了政治的公开性。同时巨大体量具有的极强的象征地位和辨识度，体现了欧盟的力量和民主的开放。

Along the perfect curve of the river’s confluence, the large glazing curtain wall reveals the building’s internal structure. Its transparency conveyed architectural aesthetic, and a metaphor for political openness. The huge volume proved a strong symbolic status and recognition, as well as the power of the EU and democratic openness.

▼议会大厅屋顶，rooftop of the Hemicycle © Gaston Bergeret

▼立面，facade © Georges Fessy

▼平面图，floor plan © architecturestudio

▼剖面图，section plan © architecturestudio

业主：S.E.R.S
项目地点：法国 斯特拉斯堡
项目规模：220,000平方米
完工时间：1999年
主创设计：马丁•罗班
设计团队： 罗多•蒂斯纳多、让•弗朗索瓦•博内、阿兰•布勒塔尼奥勒、勒内-亨利•阿尔诺、罗朗-马克•菲舍尔、马克•勒曼、罗伊达•阿亚斯、贾斯帕•朱利、玛丽卡•碧欧、马里亚诺•艾翁、罗曼•布希尔、威德胜•蒙泰罗
合作团队：Gaston Valente