上海浦东田园住宅，从都市切换回乡村-灵感家CREATOR-用创意点亮生活

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上海浦东田园住宅，从都市切换回乡村

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来源：柯笠建筑

作者：灵感家CREATOR-用创意点亮生活

这座度假别墅位于上海浦东郊外。2018年我们收到业主的委托，希望拆除旧宅，建造一栋新房，供兄妹两家在周末和假期从都市切换回乡村，看望父母、品茶聚餐，在田园的宁静中休憩，体验自然的生活节奏和氛围。

这座度假别墅位于上海浦东郊外。2018年春天，我们收到业主的委托邮件，希望拆除旧宅，建造一栋新房，供兄妹两家在周末和假期从都市切换回乡村，看望父母、品茶聚餐，在田园的宁静中休憩，体验自然的生活节奏和氛围。

▼鸟瞰，Aerial View © WM STUDIO

▼南立面，South Elevation © WM STUDIO

我们的设计概念包含以下三点。自然的要素被放在首位，虽然基地正对一片果树林，且建筑正前方有一片场地可用作花园，我们仍然希望在建筑空间中引入绿色，借鉴了东方传统庭园的理念，让自然渗透到建筑内部，消除室内外的对立与隔绝。其次，作为大家庭住宅，内部的公共空间成为重要议题，开放舒适的公共空间可以为家人间的交流创造更多的机会，获得融洽的家庭生活氛围。第三，现代性是这次乡村建造实践贯彻和坚守的原则，无论周围村镇环境如何，我们认为在这块小小的宅基地上树立一座现代建筑白房子，是这个项目的重要意义。

▼南立面黄昏景，Dusk View of South Elevation © WM STUDIO

Our main design strategies include the following. “Green” is placed first. Although the site faces an orchard and has a ground in front of the building area, which could be used as a garden, we still hope that “green” could enter the house to eliminate the opposition and isolation between the interior and exterior spaces. This is also influenced by the concept of traditional oriental garden. Secondly, as a house for the large family, public space is an important issue for considering. Open and comfortable spaces can create more chances so that family members meet and mingle here enjoying harmony moments. Thirdly, we stuck to the principle of Modernity during the whole course of this project. No matter how the surroundings of this site are, we think that to build a modern white house in the countryside of Shanghai has an important significance.

▼西南立面，South-west Elevation © WM STUDIO

▼南立面，South Elevation © WM STUDIO

▼一层走廊，1st Floor Passag © WM STUDIO

▼二层连廊，2nd Floor Passage © WM STUDIO

▼三层庭院，3rd Floor Courtyard © WM STUDIO

根据上海的乡村住宅建造规范，拆除前的老宅体量决定了新建建筑的形态——一层的建筑轮廓线被确定，东侧的体量高度被限定为2层，其余为3层，且坡屋顶和檐口高度也有明确的限制。在这些条件下，我们仍希望贯彻自然的设计理念，在不同楼层植入内庭院和天井，创造立体和内向的庭园，以确保其营造的内在氛围；同时，建筑主体的姿态是外向的——21米长的横向体量被明显地悬挑架空托出，面向果林，西侧3.5米的悬挑体量直抵基地的边界，也解决了因空出内庭院而产生的面积需求问题。自然光通过内庭院和天井的大面积开窗进入室内，营造出充足且柔和的光感氛围。结构和构造的设计也完全遵循当地农村施工的技术，我们指导那些没有任何现代建筑施工经验的工人，以最普通的钢筋混凝土框架填充砖墙的方式构造建筑体量。

▼主庭院，Main Courtyard © WM STUDIO

▼二层连廊，2nd Floor Passage © WM STUDIO

According to the construction specification for country house of Shanghai, the volume of the old house before distraction determines the shape of the new building. The outline of the first floor is fixed, at the same time the height of the eastward volume is limited to 2 floors and the rest part is 3 floors. Slope roof is obliged. The height of the cornice is also limited to 1.8m. Under these conditions we still hope to carry out our strategies of “Green” to place several courtyards in different floors. Vertical and inner gardens are created to ensure a tranquil inner atmosphere. Meanwhile, the gesture of the main volume is extrovert. The horizontal volume of 21 meters long is obviously overhung that faces the orchard. The 3.5m overhung volume in the west reaches the limit of the site, which made up the loss of the interior surface caused by courtyards. Natural lighting enters the interior space through the large curtains to produce bright and soft atmosphere. The design of structure and constructional detail follows the local skill. We guided local construction workers having no experience of modern house to build architectural volume with the most common method, the combination of steel concrete and bricks.

▼一层起居室，1st Floor Living Room © WM STUDIO

▼二层起居室，2nd Floor Living Room © WM STUDIO

▼餐厅，Dining Room © WM STUDIO

▼一层楼梯间，1st Floor Stairwell © WM STUDIO

▼二层楼梯间，2nd Floor Stairwell© WM STUDIO

▼二层走廊，2nd Floor Passage © WM STUDIO

▼由二层走廊看户外连廊，viewing the Outdoor Passage from the 2nd Floor Passage © WM STUDIO

▼三层走廊，3rd Floor Passage © 柯笠建筑

别墅建成后，现代的外观从某种层面影响了村民对现代住宅的认知和接受。业主家的老人作为原住村民照常在这座现代建筑里过着农耕生活——种植蔬菜养殖家禽，中年的业主也将上海城市生活的习惯带回乡村，面向庭院喝着咖啡，达到了某种程度的和谐。对于上海这座大都市，郊外的乡村别墅可以缓解城市环境的压力；乡村居民们认为，自建的住宅相比于大多地产别墅项目，更有机且贴近生活的需要，结合中国当代的土地政策，对于他们这些有宅基地的本地居民来说建造自己的住宅相比购买也更加经济。希望这个项目在美学、实用性和建造技术上可以探索出适合当代中国的现代乡村住宅类型。

▼二层主卧，2nd Floor Main Bedroom © WM STUDIO

▼二层卧室，2nd Floor Bedroom © WM STUDIO

▼三层书房，3rd Floor Study© WM STUDIO

After the villa was finished, its modern appearance influences the cognition and acceptance of local villagers. The old parents still live a farming life planting vegetables and raising poultry. The proprietors bring their urban lifestyle to the countryside, they can drink coffee facing the courtyard. Different lives unify here. For the metropolitan as Shanghai, country house relives the stress caused by urban environment. Compared with most commercial houses, local residents think that self-built villa is more organic and closed to living need, and according to Chinese land policy, it’s more economic to build their own house than buying for them. We hope that this project can explore the typology of country house suiting contemporary China, in the aspects of aesthetics, practicality and construction technology.

▼夜景鸟瞰，Aerial View at Night © WM STUDIO